During the British conquest of New France, the British changed the name of the French colony of Acadia to "Nova Scotia" (New Scotland), much to the discuss of the French inhabitants. This rather French looking tricolored flag was introduced in the 1840's as a flag for the French in Canada, at first mostly in the Quebec region, but within 20 years became something of a national flag for all Canadian French-Catholic nationalists.

Alberta, one of Canada's three prairie provinces, officially became a province in 1905. It is located in western Canada between British Columbia to the west and Saskatchewan to the east, and the Northwest Territories to the north, and borders the United States (Montana) to the south. It is one of two Canadian provinces that is completely landlocked (the other being Saskatchewan).

The official website of the Lieutenant Governor describes the flag as follows: "The Lieutenant Governor's flag is flown over the Legislature Building when the Lieutenant Governor is present. As well, it is flown at the Lieutenant Governor's official residence when the Lieutenant Governor is there, and it is mounted on the Lieutenant Governor's automobile when it is being used for official business."

British Columbia, the westernmost of Canada's provinces, became the sixth province of Canada in 1871. Known for its natural beauty, its name was chosen by Queen Victoria herself in 1858. The capital of British Columbia is Victoria, the fifteenth largest city in Canada, and located on Vancouver Island.

The official website of the Lieutenant Governor describes the flag as follows: "The Lieutenant Governor's Flag is a royal blue flag with the shield of arms of British Columbia in its centre, surrounded by a circlet of 10 gold stylized maple leaves representing the 10 Provinces of Canada. Above the shield is a St. Edward's Crown, signifying the Sovereign´s representative in the Province."

Manitoba is another of Canada's flat prairie provinces whose major industries are agriculture, mining, forestry, and tourism due to natural beauties. Although its main population is English Canadian, there is a significant Franco-Canadian minority with a growing Native-American population. Manitoba is one of the most important centers of Ukrainian culture outside Ukraine and home to the largest Icelandic community outside of Iceland. Manitoba's capital and largest city is Winnipeg, Canada's eighth-largest city.

As stated on the official website, "The Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba is the viceregal representative in Manitoba of the Canadian monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, who operates distinctly within the province, but is also shared equally with the ten other jurisdictions of Canada and resides predominantly in her oldest realm, the United Kingdom."

New Brunswick, one of Canada's oldest three Maritime provinces, is the only official constitutionally bilingual province (English and French) in the federation. The capital is Fredericton, but Saint John is the most populous city. The majority of the population is English-speaking, but there is also a large French-speaking minority (33%) mainly of Acadian origin. The province's name comes from the English and French partial transcription of the city of Braunschweig in northern Germany, the ancestral home of the Hanoverian King George III of Great Britain.

The official website of the Lieutenant Governor describes the flag as follows: "a royal blue flag, two by width and three by length, the shield of the Arms of the Province surrounded by a circlet of ten gold stylized maple leaves, representing the ten Provinces of Canada. Above all a St. Edward's Crown in proper colours, representing the Sovereign's representative in the Province."

Newfoundland and Labrador is located on the Atlantic coast of Canada consisting of the island of Newfoundland and Labrador on the mainland. It became the tenth province in 1949, at first simply named Newfoundland. In 2001, the province's official name was changed to Newfoundland and Labrador, although most Canadians generally still refer to the province as Newfoundland and to the region on the Canadian mainland as Labrador.

The Lieutenant Governor of Newfoundland and Labrador is the viceregal representative in Newfoundland and Labrador of the Canadian monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, who operates distinctly within the province, but is also shared equally with the ten other jurisdictions of Canada and resides predominantly in her oldest realm, the United Kingdom.

The Northwest Territories is located in northern Canada. It borders two other territories, Yukon to the west and Nunavut to the east, and the three provinces of British Columbia, Alberta and Saskatchewan. Since 1967 Yellowknife has been the territorial capital.

According to the official website, "The Commissioner of the Northwest Territories serves a pivotal role in the governance of the Northwest Territories. Appointed by the Governor-in-Council of Canada on the recommendation of the Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development, the Commissioner is the federal government's representative in the north and the Chief Executive Officer of the Northwest Territories."

Nova Scotia (New Scotland) is one of Canada's three Maritime provinces and is the most populous province in Atlantic Canada. The provincial capital is Halifax. In 1604, French colonists established the first permanent European settlement in Canada and the first north of Florida at Port Royal, founding what would become known as Acadia. The British Conquest of Acadia happened in 1710. At this time the Capital Port Royal was renamed Annapolis Royal, Nova Scotia. The capital of Nova Scotia moved from Annapolis Royal to the newly established Halifax in 1749. In 1867, Nova Scotia was one of the four founding provinces of the Canadian Confederation.

The Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia is the viceregal representative in Nova Scotia of the Canadian monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, who operates distinctly within the province, but is also shared equally with the ten other jurisdictions of Canada and resides predominantly in her oldest realm, the United Kingdom. The Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia is appointed in the same manner as the other provincial viceroys in Canada and is similarly tasked with carrying out most of the monarch's constitutional and ceremonial duties.

In 1992, a referendum was passed authorizing the separation of the eastern half of the Northwest Territories to create a new autonomous territory, to be called Nunavut (pronounced noo-na-voot), which is Inuktitut for "Our Land."

As in the other territories, the Commissioner's role is symbolic and is analogous to that of a Lieutenant-Governor. While the Commissioners are not formally a representative of Canada's head-of-state, they have a role representing The Crown in a territory.

Ontario is the second largest Province of Canada located in the east-central part of Canada. The province is named after Lake Ontario, which is thought to have been derived from a Huron word meaning "great lake." The province's largest city is Toronto, is the capital city of Ontario, and the national capital of Canada, Ottawa, is also located in Ontario. Ontario is bordered by Manitoba, Hudson Bay, Quebec, and by three states of the United States (Minnesota, Michigan, and New York), and Lake Erie.

The official website of the Lieutenant Governor describes the flag as follows: "The Standard is a royal blue flag featuring the shield of the Arms of Ontario encircled by ten gold maple leaves to represent Canada's provinces and surmounted by a Crown to symbolize the role of the Lieutenant Governor as The Queen's representative. The Standard is flown outside the Lieutenant Governor's Suite at Queen's Park when His Honour is in the provincial capital. It is displayed in his office and in the Music Room, where ceremonies take place. It is mounted on the car in which His Honour travels and is flown outside of buildings where he is on an official visit."

This was the Standard of the Lieutenant Governor of Ontario from 1959 to 1965. The office of Lieutenant Governor of Ontario was established in 1867, replacing the position of Lieutenant Governor of Canada West. The office became a target for Government cutbacks in 1837 by the Liberal Party and Ontario Government House was closed until 1985 with the Viceroy working out of a suite at the Legislative Building.

In 1873, Prince Edward Island became the seventh Canadian province consisting of Prince Edward Island and several other smaller islands. This maritime province is the smallest in the nation. The island was named for Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn (1767–1820), the fourth son of King George III and the father of Queen Victoria.

The post of Lieutenant Governor was established in 1769 as part of the initial administration of the Island colony. The British North America Act of 1867 created Canada and a national (or federal) government, and local (or provincial) governments in the former British North American colonies. The Lieutenant Governor, who had formerly reported to the Colonial Office in London, became initially, an officer of the Government of Canada. In Prince Edward Island, this change took place in 1873 when the colony exchanged its earlier status for that of a province of the Dominion of Canada.

Quebec is a province in east-central Canada. Most of its inhabitants live in urban areas near the Saint Lawrence River between Montreal and Quebec City, the capital. It is the only Canadian province predominantly French-speaking and the only one whose sole official language is French.

The Lieutenant Governor of Quebec is the viceregal representative in Quebec of the Canadian monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, who operates distinctly within the province, but is also shared equally with the ten other jurisdictions of Canada and resides predominantly in her oldest realm, the United Kingdom.

The first French speakers to come to Ontario were the missionaries who established the mission of Sainte-Marie-among-the-Hurons in 1639. Today there are about 535,000 Francophone people in Ontario, and a flag for this community was adopted by the Association Canadienne-Francaise de l'Ontario (AFC). Her Majesty, the Queen of England, "by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Ontario", in 1989 recognized this flag as that of the Ontario French-speaking community.

Saskatchewan is a prairie province in Canada, which is bounded on the west by Alberta, on the north by the Northwest Territories, on the east by Manitoba, and on the south by the American states of Montana and North Dakota. The provincial capital is Regina, but the largest city is Saskatoon. Saskatchewan was first explored in 1690 and settled in 1774, but prior to that, it was populated by several native tribes. It became a province in 1905.

Canada's Constitution recognizes The Queen as the Head of State. The Lieutenant Governor represents The Queen in the Province of Saskatchewan. The Lieutenant Governor plays an important role as the representative of the Head of State, reading the Speech from the Throne, formally appointing Premiers and Cabinet Ministers, opening and proroguing (closing) Legislative Sessions, approving legislation, and bestowing honours.

The historic Island of Vancouver is located in British Columbia. It is named after British Royal Navy Captain George Vancouver, who between 1791 and 1794 explored the Pacific Northwest coast of North America. Captain James Cook spent a month during 1778 on Vancouver Island and claimed it for England.

The Yukon Territory is the westernmost and smallest of Canada's three federal territories. It was named after the Yukon River. The territory's capital is Whitehorse. The territory was created in 1898. The largest ethnic group in the territory is English, followed by First Nations. Yukon law recognizes First Nations languages, but only considers French and English as official languages.

The Commissioner is appointed by the Government of Canada. Her role is very similar to a provincial lieutenant governor. The Commissioner is Yukon's head of state and generally acts on the advice of elected officials.