The Portuguese traditional seafaring symbol, the cross of the Order of Christ, did not escape the practice of "National Socialist" type groups to use historical or cultural symbols to falsely represent their organizations, although the Order of Christ cross was originally black on a red background.

The Obraz Fatherland Movement, founded in 2000, is an ultra-nationalist and extremist Orthodox Christian movement originally led by Nebojša Krstic, a sociologist and theologist. The founding group originally published a magazine called "Obraz" since 1994. The word obraz (cheek) is frequently used as the synonym for "honor." The OPO quickly gained notoriety with its aggressive, and often violent activities against religious and ethnic minorities, as well as anybody else who publicly disapproved of their actions, while simultaneously giving public support to "persecuted patriots" (neo-Nazi skinheads and football hooligans convicted for violence, and persons indicted before The Hague Tribunal). In 2001, Krstic died in a traffic accident (which OPO quickly labeled an assassination), and Mladen Obradovic, a historian, became the new leader. In 2003, a Russian group inspired by Obraz Fatherland Movement, calling themselves Russian Obraz (RO) was started.

The Organización por la Voluntad Nacíonal (OVN) is a racist national-socialist organization formed in 2007 in Mexico. In 2014, the OVN changed its name to the Mexican Nationalist Front (MNF). They claim to promote a healthy awareness of the Mexican nationality, wish to protect their biological identity, and to lead the fight against those "defeatist historical visions that have left a permanent complex of conquest and resentment."

They are against the "nefarious Masonic heritage of liberalism which left us a republic mediocre and decadent." They also are against ecclesiastical supremacy, international Zionism, Marxism, anarchism, communism, global capitalism, and wish to lead a "peaceful" fight against the U.S. invaders who have seized and occupied more than half their national territory. They look back to the Mexican monarchies of Iturbide and Maximilian, regarding Maximilian's empire as a sincere effort to protect Mexico from Anglo-American influences.

The trend of the Alternate Right groups is now to reinvent themselves often, usually by simply renaming themselves without much of a change in personal. For example "Vanguard America-Texas" renamed themselves the "Patriot Front". Its leader Thomas Rousseau did so after the violence at the Charlottesville Riots in 2017. James Fields, the neo-Nazi who drove his car through a crowd of counter-protesters in Charlottesville and killed Heather Heyer and injured 19 others, claimed he was a member of Vanguard America-Texas, but was disowned by the group.

The Proud Boys (PB) are a far-right nationalist organization that sees themselves as protectors of free speech, glorifying the warrior mystic and combat, and are noted for participating in violence with far-left demonstrators, particularly targeting the ANTIFA (anti-fascist). The PB has been dubbed an "alt-right fight club" by the Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC), and the FBI expressed concern about the potential for violence from individuals within that group. The Proud Boys have also been characterized as racists, ethnocentric, and misogynists in news articles. While it is true the Proud Boys only admit men as members, they do occasionally make mention of their "Proud Boys' Girls". They deny that they encourage violence or gang-like activity.

The Communist Party of Spain (Reconstituted) was founded in 1975 after the Maoist Organization of Spanish Marxist-Leninists (OMLE Organización de Marxistas Leninistas Españoles) broken away from the old Communist party of Spain in 1968. Its violent armed wing, the First of October Anti-Fascist Resistance Group (GRAPO - Grupos de Resistencia Antifascista Primero de Octubre), was founded on October 1st of the next year - the day which also saw the murder of four Spanish policemen by the group. It also marks the beginning of the revolution against the Francoist Regime.

The Progressive Labor Party (PLP) is a Marxist-Leninist political party, founded in 1962 in New York City as the Progressive Labor Movement, after splitting from the Communist Party USA. In 1965, it changed its name to the Progressive Labor Party. Milt Rosen, a left wing labor activist, became the founding chair of the Party. The PLP would play a very vocal role in the anti-Vietnam War movements of the 1960s and early 1970s, then emerge as one of the leading Communist organizations in the United States.

The National Christian Party (Partidul Nat'ional Cres'tin), a pre-World War II Romanian Fascist Party, was founded in 1935 by the merger of Alexandru Cuza's National Christian Defense League (Liga Apararii National Crestine, LANC) and Octavian Goga's National Agrarian Party (Partidul Nat'ional Agrar). Strangely enough, the PNC seemed to have been modeled after the rival Iron Guard, the main difference being in their shirts, which were blue instead of green. The PNC party banner was the flag of Romania with a swastika in the center. It was associated with extreme anti-Semitism, calling for a gradual withdrawal of rights for Jews and a gradual policy of reapportionment of Jewish land and businesses.

The French Nationalist Party was originally founded in 1983 by members of the editorial committee of the review "Militant", created in 1967. Following several splits, the party virtually ceased to exist by the middle of 1990s. In 2015, the review called for the reactivation of the party. This was supported by former leadership of dissolved French Work, who called their former members to join in. The party was eventually re-founded on 1st October 2015, with the participation of many successor groups of the French Work, such as the Nationalist Lorraine or The Caryatids. The PNF obtained the written support of Jean-Marie Le Pen, former President of the National Front, who insisted on the past connections with the French Work which were severed when his daughter, Marine Le Pen, replaced him as the party President in 2011.

This National Socialist flag features the "Wolfsangel" rune. In a Neo-Nazi demonstration in Vicenza, Italy, they flew this flag. It has the classic Nazi scheme (red background with white circle and a black doppelhaken symbol.

The Puerto Rican Nationalist Party (PNPR), founded in 1922, was a violent extremist group whose main goal was Puerto Rican Independence. In 1930, Dr. Pedro Albizu Campos was elected president of the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party, and under his leadership, especially during the years of the Great Depression, the party became the largest independence movement in Puerto Rico.

New Fatherland Society was founded in 1999 at Puerto Montt, Chile. While describing itself as National Socialist, even being recognized as the successor of National Socialist Workers Party of Chile by its old members, the movement insisted that the nation shall be defined by the culture, rather than the biology/genetics ("race"). In 2006, the Constitutional Court was requested to ban the PNS, which it eventually rejected in 2010, after an unusually long procedure, stating that there is no sufficient evidence in favor of banning. Later same year, the movement dissolved itself, stating that it is impossible to safely operate as a legal National Socialist organization.

Flag of the PNS was red, charged with a large blue sunwheel fimbriated white - a neo-Nazi symbol, but in Chilean national colors.

The National Socialist Party of Mexico (PNSM), is not a legally registered political party and seems to be mostly active on the internet. Its platform is based on 14 principles referring both to racial supremacy and its ethical and economic foundations.

This party was founded in 1964 and dissolved in 1970. Later attempts to restart the party were unsuccessful and its former members eventually decided to recognize the New Fatherland Society as their successor.

The PNSO copied the German Nazi visual identity completely. This included the use of the unchanged German NSDAP flag.

The Argentine group Partido Nuevo Triunfo(PNT) is presently banned in Argentina, but its flag is still widely used by other racist groups. It was founded in 1990 by Alejandro Biondini, evolving from an internet publication. Biondini ran for president in the 2003 election with little impact. Their flag has the standard red field, white circle, and black emblem of such groups. The swastika-like emblem looks like a crossed number 7.

The concept of a Racial Holy War, or RaHoWa, was first suggested by Ben Klassen, the founder of the Church of the Creator. The Church of the RaHoWa, sometimes referred to as the "White Crusaders of the RaHoWa", are a break-away group from the Creativity Movement. The movement believes that White people should unite and undertake a holy war against Jews and non-Whites. The term "RaHoWa" has become a popular war cry for many White nationalist groups, and flags, stickers, and buttons like this shown are quite popular amongst them.

The Revolutionary Communist Party, USA (RCP-USA), known originally as the Revolutionary Union, is a Maoist Communist party formed in 1975 in the United States. The RCP states that U.S. imperialism will never peacefully end, and that the only way for people to liberate themselves is through revolution. The RCP enthusiastically supported the 1992 violent Los Angeles social unrest in the aftermath of the Rodney King verdicts as a "rebellion," and then-LAPD chief Daryl Gates went so far as to allege that the RCP was explicitly involved in the riots.

The Russian Obraz is an ultra-nationalist organization modeled after the Obraz Fatherland Movement, a similar organization from Serbia. Although modeled after the Obraz of Serbia, the Russian organization is somewhat closer to the neo-Nazis, mostly in their tolerance for Russian neo-paganism, for many members are followers of such cults. It should also be pointed out that the name obraz was just copied from Serbian by the Russian RO and that the word has a completely different meaning in Russian, that of "picture" or "image."

The extreme leftist Revolutionary Communist Youth League (Bolsheviks) was originally founded in Moscow in 1996 by Alexander Batov. It formed after the split of RYCL and considers itself the heir of the most progressive and communist part of the Komsomol (Kommunisticheskii Soyuz Molodyozhi) (All-Union Leninist Young Communist League - AULYCL). In 2000, the RCYL(b) was linked with a plot to place a bomb near the Federal Security Service building and three of its members were arrested in that plot. In 2005, the RCYL(b) cell in Leningrad formed a union with the Lenin Komsomol of Leningrad (LYCLL), and since then RCYL(b) cells have been formed in many regions of Russia and also in several foreign countries.

The French Renewal (RF) is a French ultra-rightist organization, founded in 2005, and affiliated with the European National Front. The RF claims to be nationalist, Catholic and "counter revolutionary," i.e. - against the principles of the French Revolution of 1789. The most common symbol on the RF street literature is a black and white Celtic cross and their swastika-like, stylized fleur-de-lys emblem. Their self-proclaimed goal is to defend and free the "French nation" from the parliamentary system, lobbyist organizations, and what they see as "the fundamentally Masonic, secular, and cosmopolitan Republic." Besides rejecting Freemasonry, they target "Marxism" and what they call "Classical Liberalism." In the 2000s, the RF more or less "incorporated" with the French National Front and carried their symbols in the FN parades and demonstrations. However, as Marine Le Pen succeeded her father as FN leader and attempted to clean-up the FN party's image, they established a policy of only displaying the French national tricolor at their demonstrations. The result was a split and, accordingly, the RF has re-emerged as a completely separate movement again.

RF Finistère Department Section		RF Yvelines Department Section

The flag of Renouveau Français is blue with the white stylized fleur-de-lis emblem of the movement centered in the middle. It is most often seen in the nationalist demonstrations scheduled every year in May in Paris, also in a square variant during last years. The movement also uses a "processional banner," made of a vertical, swallow-tailed version of their flag, as well as a blue flag with white cross and a blue diamond over all, charged with a white fleur-de-lys and fimbriated white. A tricolor flag with a black, differently stylized fleur-de-lys in center was originally used as well, but seems to have fallen out of use. Local sections are gradually introducing their flags as well, combining the fleur-de-lys with local emblems; those from Finistère and Yvelines departments were the first to do so.

French Traditionalist Catholic Flag Type #1		French Traditionalist Catholic Flag Type #2
French Traditionalist Catholic Flag Type #3		Traditional Île-de-France Banner

Other flags reported being used by the RF during their demonstrations include a French tricolor defaced with the symbol of the Sacred-Heart-of-Jesus, a Sacred Heart centered on a plain white field, white flag with multiple golden fleurs-de-lys and the Sacred Heart over all (all three borrowed from the Traditionalist Catholics) and the traditional provincial Île-de-France heraldic banner with three golden fleur-de-lys on blue.

The Russkiy Natsional'niy Soyuz (RNS) is a neo-Nazi party based in Russia. The party grew out of the followers of Konstantin Kasimovsky, a leading member of Pamyat in the immediate aftermath of the collapse of the Soviet Union. He split from the Pamyat-led National Patriotic Front in 1992 and formed his own party, the Russian National Union, the following year. This party re-emerged as the "Russian National Socialist Party" (RNSP) in 1998.

The Rossiyskoye Natsional'noye Yedinstvo (RNU) is a far right, ultra-nationalist political party and paramilitary organization based in Russia and operating in states with Russian-speaking populations. It was founded by the ultra-nationalist Alexander Barkashov and claims to have 20,000 members, making the National Unity the largest extremist organization in Russia.

National Unity Flag (Type 3)

There are reportedly 120 nationalist organizations displaying fascist and neo-Nazi symbols in Russia, the most prominent are the Russian National Union, Russian National Council and the Russian National Unity. All these groups are xenophobic (distrust of strangers), antisemitic (hate Jewish people), and blame all of Russia's problems on a imagined "Jewish and Zionist Conspiracy."

The Republic of Florida Militia (ROF), similar to the Real Republic of Florida (RROF), appears to be a small neo-Confederate anti-gun control group, located in the Tallahassee area of Florida. The ROF describes itself as a part of a small community of similar fractured groups, organized, "just as the Irish Republican Army was." They consider themselves to be "the armed forces of the provisional government of the Republic of Florida" and the "prime force at arms to protect the republic." Their self-proclaimed mission is to "fight and die for the white star flag!" Barely a month after being released from jail on burglary charges, ROF leader Jordan Jereb professed his love for Molotov cocktails and recommended a video giving instruction on when it's okay to shoot a police officer.

ROF Militia Company Guidon (imaged only - existence questioned)

The Republic of Florida Militia's "White Star" flag (Type #1), combines a blue Cross of Burgundy with the 'white star' (outlined in blue) of the Republic of West Florida, both centered on a plain white field. A variant of the ROF White Star Flag (Type #2) is charged with a blue "fimbriated" white star over a standard blue saltire, separated with white-blue fimbriation (outline) where it merges into the white field. Above the star, there is inscription "Republic of Florida" in blue on a white ribbon outlined in blue. On white field beneath the star, there is a blue inscription stating "For liberty we will fight."

The Type #3 variant follows the same pattern, but has the Latin Pro Liberate Pugnamus (We fight for freedom) beneath the cross. The family flag of ROF militia leader Jordan Jereb (Type #4) features the St. Andrews Cross and white fimbriated star, but utilizes the colors black and white instead of the blue and white. Above the cross and star appear the words "Republic of Florida" and "Jereb Family" in block lettering and a justice scale. Beneath the cross and star it contains the Latin virtute et armis (power and weapons). An Irish or Celtic Trinity Knot (Triquetra) Symbol appears to the right side, or fly side, of the cross. The St. Andrews Cross is further defaced with three symbols (from left to right) - bull, justice scales, and scorpion (the Zodiac signs for Taurus, Libra, Scorpio) which are the signs of Jereb, his daughter and wife. The Type #5 variant has the Latin phrase Salus populi lex suprema (Safety of the people is the highest law) below the cross and 1810 on the fly side honoring the short-lived Republic of West Florida in the western region of Spanish West Florida.

The ROF Hydra flag (Type #6) design follows that of previous ROF flags, but with these differences. On the white field beneath the Star is the Latin Nos sumus in posterum (We are the future). On the hoist side of the cross of Saint Andrew is a circle of four symbols of the Trinity, framed in a shields. This symbol has also been found on rune stones in Scandinavia, in ancient goddess-oriented pagan groups, in Celtic manuscripts, and on early Germanic coins. It is associated with numerous mythical gods and goddesses and has been used as a protective charm by Wiccans. On the right or fly side of the cross is the Hydra, a symbol meaning the conquest of a very powerful enemy. The Hydra of myth is a nine-headed water serpent with the ability to regrow a head (or two) if it is severed.

An interesting variant is called the Blood and Soil Flag Type #7 which shows a drawing of a couple of Palm tree growing on a Florida beach on the left side of the blue saltire and the triskele symbol on the right. Above the saltire are the words "Republic of Florida" and beneath is the Latin Unus Locus Unus Populus (One Location One People).

Shown below are two ROF flags only seen as images on one of their earlier websites.

ROF AK Flag (imaged only - existence questioned)		ROF Don't Tread on Me Flag (imaged only - existence questioned)

However, it should be noted, that according to the militia they have multiple companies that use variants of their flag. All these flags feature the St. Andrews cross and white star or are a variation of the Bonnie Blue flag utilizing the colors blue and white. The flags use these symbols as they "give all the young folks in the local cells something to be proud of. Symbolism is a powerful non-violent weapon for our cause." The militia also uses the traditional Bonnie Blue Flag of West Florida, the Florida State Flag, and the Confederate State of Florida Flag at their demonstrations or on their website.

Serbian Action (SA) is a Serbian ultra-nationalist organization founded in 2009-2010, which draws its inspiration from the Serbian People's Movement "Zbor", originally a pre-World War II ultra-rightist movement, but briefly resurrected in the early 2000s. The SA might even be considered the successor to this "reanimated" movement of the 2000s, because they have adopted some of the Zbor symbols and propaganda. The SA also has ties with other extremist groups such as the New Right of Romania and the Golden Dawn of Greece, having incorporated similar racist ideas and some of their symbolism into its ideology.

The Russian Sevyerniy Alliyans (SA) is the third largest neo-Nazi party in Russia, after the RNSP and the RNU.

Tricolor with Swastika		Russian Naval Ensign

The Northern Alliance uses four different flags: The two double cross shield versions, the Russian tricolor with swastika, and the old ROA flag of General Vlasov's army, which collaborated with the German Army and Reich during World War II (also known as the Flag of Russia and Russian Naval Ensign).

In the 1930's a number of groups sympathetic to Nazism emerged in South Africa, but perhaps the best known was the South African Nazi Party (SANP), known more simply as the Gryshemde (Greyshirts) because of their paramilitary Sturmabteilung-like uniforms. Their official names of the "South African Gentile National Socialist Movement," and the "South African Christian National Socialist Movement," was rarely used. The group, which remained active during the 1930s and 1940s, was started by Louis Weichardt. Its platform was the basic Nazi hate and anti-Semitic propaganda.

The largest concentration of Brazilian neo-Nazi are in São Paulo, an industrial city of more than 10 million people. Today, an estimated 1,000 neo-Nazis live in the city. Their policies still contain hatred of Jews, blacks, and homosexuals. They also advocate the secession of the more prosperous southern Brazil from the rest of the country.

Scream! is a Breton far-left nationalist anarcho-independentist organization which, founded first in 2001 as the Coordination Bretagne Indépendante et Libertaire (CBIL), was renamed Scream! (Disuj!) in 2012. Scream has consolidated several local movements, such as Huch! (in Rennes), Treger Disuj (Tregor), Ti an Dispac'h (Pontivy), Kailh Du (Lorient) and Strollad Lochu (Brest) into a larger regional organization. They publish a newsletter called "The Megaphone" (Le Huchoèr). Although nationalism in the province of Brittany in France can almost be considered a traditional pastime since medieval times, the blending of traditional Breton nationalism with the extremist beliefs of anarchism can be considered an explosive combination.

Scream! Flag (Type #3)

Disuj! uses two flags based on a blend of the traditional province flag of Brittany and the black anarchist flag (Type #1 and Type #2). A third flag has been used in "The Megaphone," published in eastern Brittany, and superimposes a black Anarchist star centered on the traditional Gwenn-ha-Du Brittany flag.

Scottish Dawn was founded in early 2017, allegedly by fomer members of various organizations, as a Scottish ultra-nationalist ("Identitarian") movement. After an investigation by the Home Office, the group was banned in September 2017 as the legal cover for National Action, which had been banned in December 2016, shortly before the Scottish Dawn was founded.

The flag of Scottish Dawn, as seen in many photos which have appeared online during its short existence, was yellow with black algiz rune in center. The rune is a popular neo-Nazi symbol, but the colors were probably borrowed from the Identitarian Bloc of France, the alleged model for Scottish Dawn.

The Southern Nationalist Network (SNN) was created in 2010 by a group of modern day Southern separatist whose goal seems to be, once again, the establishment of Southern independence. This neo-Confederate extremist group views the South as an occupied nation, and feel themselves to be "at odds with anything that comes out of Washington, DC, and with the tone of the general culture across the US as a whole."

Neo-Confederate, or "Southern Nationalist" is a term used to describe the views of various groups and individuals who portray the Confederate States of America and its actions in the American Civil War in a positive light. Originally designed by a former member of the Neo-Confederate League of the South (LOS), the "Southern Nationalist" flag and its variants are intended to evoke memories of the St. Andrews Cross and the Confederate Battle Flag (CBF).

The Silver Legion of America, or Silver Shirts, were an American fascist organization founded by a Hollywood screenwriter named William Dudley Pelley in 1933. The paramilitary Silver Shirts wore silver colored shirts with a dark blue tie and military riding pants as their uniform. The shirt had a large red letter "L" over the left pocket. Their flag had a silver field with the red "L" in the canton. By 1934, the Silver Legion could claim about 15,000 members.

This group claims claims to be the successor of the Yugoslav People's Movement "Zbor" (Jugoslovenski narodni pokret "Zbor"), which was founded in 1935 by a fusion of several pro-Fascist groups from various parts of Yugoslavia. Zbor (rally) is also an acronym for Združena borbena organizacija rada (United Combative Organization of Labour). The Zbor was founded by Dimitrije Ljotic, who preached a strange blend of authoritarianism, corporatism, monarchism, anti-Communism, anti-freemasonry, Orthodox Christian fundamentalism and anti-Semitism, plus encouraging an alliance with the Third Reich and Fascist Italy. By 1940, when a hostile Yugoslav government banned the SNP, it evolved from an all-Yugoslav into a Serbian-only organization. However, after the occupation in 1941, the Zbor re-organized as the Serbian Volunteer Corps (Srpski dobrovoljacki korpus - SVC), and actively assisted the occupational forces in the persecution of Jews in present-day Serbia, as well as in the repression against other Serbians (a policy of 100 executed civilians for one killed German soldier).

In 1945, Ljotic was killed in a car accident while fleeing and many of his followers were later extradited, tried and executed. Those who successfully escaped to Germany maintained their exiled organization for years, although they have been generally rejected by the mainstream Serbian diaspora. After the collapse of Communism, there were constant efforts to re-introduce the ideas of Zbor in Serbia, but with very limited success.

The original Zbor used a number of emblems, but seemed to have had no flag of their own. The only related flag was that of the Serbian Volunteer Corps, which is now sometimes used by modern ultra-rightists, and adds the unit badge to the national tricolor: a "Kosovo Cross" between four fire-steels which are taken from the national coat of arms, over all the image of St George slaying the dragon and inscriptions S verom u Boga za Kralja i Otadžbinu (With Faith in God, For King and Fatherland) and Dobrovoljci (Volunteers). The re-founded group uses a red flag with white "Kosovo Cross" between four fire-steels, arranged so as to resemble both the Serbian Volunteer Corps badge and a Celtic cross.

The far-right Slavic Union, claiming to be Russia's National Socialist Movement, is led by Dmitry Demushkin, and is one of a number of Russian nationalist groups with neo-Nazi tendencies. The group's Russian initials spell SS (CC), its members give Nazi-style salutes, and its main flag features a reworked swastika. The group has claimed responsibility for several murders and attacks on Jewish organizations, websites, and groups. They claim kinship to the Russian Nation Union and other Russian extremist organizations such as the National Patriotic Front.

Slavic Force Flag (Type #1)		Slavic Force Flag (Type #2)

The Slavic Union was recognized as an extremist organization and banned by the Moscow City Court in 2010, and by the Supreme Court of the Russians the next year. After the Slavic Union was banned, the Slavic Force (Slavyanskaya sila) was founded by Dmitry Demushkin to replace it. The organization uses either red or black flags with the name of the organization in white, inscribed in two lines in a medieval-looking typeface, following the previous practice of the Slavic Union.

System Resistance Network (SRN) was founded in June 2017 as Vanguard Britannia, the UK chapter of Vanguard America. The new name was adopted as part of distancing from the Vanguard America after the Charlottesville car attack in August 2017, since the perpetrator appeared to be their member. There are also claims that they are linked to the National Action, the neo-Nazi group banned in December 2016, although these seem not to have been proved so far.

The SRN emblem consists of a lightning bolt over a sword, both over a ring. This resembles the symbols of both British Union of Fascists and National Resistance/Black Front of Germany. On the flag, it is displayed in white on black field, much like the flag of National Action; this similarity is thought to speak in favor of the connections between two groups.

The Sozialistische Reichspartei Deutschlands (SRP) was a West German political party founded in the aftermath of the Second World War, in 1949 as an openly National Socialist and Hitler-admiring split from the German Empire Party. Leading figures included Otto Ernst Remer and Fritz Dorls. It denied the existence of the Holocaust, claimed that the USA built the gas ovens of the Dachau concentration camp after the War and that films of concentration camps were faked. The SRP also advocated a reunited Europe, led by a German Reich, as a "third force" against both capitalism and communism.

The Swedish Resistance Movement (SMR) is a Swedish, militant Neo-Nazi organization that exists in Stockholm, Göteborg, Malmö and Linköping. The Leader is Klas Lund, former member of White Aryan Resistance (VAM), and convicted of manslaughter.

The Swiss National Front (Front Nationale) was founded in 1933 in Zurich as a merger of different right wing groups. The SNF began among the debating clubs of the University of Zurich, where anti-Semitism, Swiss nationalism, and support for the racial policies of Nazi Germany was popular. Its anti-semitic message was published in the student party newspaper, Der Eiserne Besen (The Iron Broom), became widely read. The party, under the leadership of Rolf Henne, supported a national referendum in 1935 that sought to change the Swiss government into a nationalist, racial, and authoritarian state, but was it was soundly defeated. Henne lost the party leadership in 1938 to Robert Tobler and his followers left to form the Nationale Bewegung der Schweiz (National Movement of Switzerland or NBS). In 1940, the SNF was temporarily dissolved and reformed as the Eidgenössiche Sammlung (Swiss Federal Collection/Gathering/Assembly) after Tobler was imprisoned for espionage, but two years later, in 1943, the party was completely disbanded.

John de Nugent, a white racist and nationalist who ran for sheriff in Armstrong County in Pennsylvania under the motto of "For God, Guns, Guts and Glory" has designed several flags alluding to the idea the Solutreans, a prehistoric culture in France who he claims are the true ancestors of all white North Americans. According to de Nugent the Solutreans crossed the Atlantic in the Ice Age, but were later massacred by the ancestors of the "Asiatic" Indians who arrived later. He also believes in aliens who "are good, bad and neutral and form alliances like earthly nations." He also claims Barack Obama's real father was Franklin Marshall Davis, a black Communist, and that the Jews and Arabs are descended from the Neanderthals.

The Slovak Solidarity is an ultra-rightist political organization in Slovakia which was founded in 1996 by high school teacher Marian Kotleba. It claims to draw inspiration from the Slovak People's Party, which was founded in 1906 when the country was still part of Austria-Hungary. Initially supporting the creation of Czechoslovakia in 1918, this party soon turned to struggle for independent Slovakia, eventually creating a Nazi puppet state in 1939, to be dissolved along with it in 1945. Registered as a party in 2005, Slovak Solidarity was banned in 2006 by the Supreme Court, the first such action in modern Slovakia, but kept operating as a political association again until 2009, when its members founded the People's party Our Slovakia.

The flags of Slovak People's Party and its militia, the Hlinka Guard (named after Andrej Hlinka, the party leader in 1913-1938), consisted of a blue field with a white disk, which bore a red double cross, its shape differing from flag to flag. This was loosely based on the national coat of arms.

Slovak Solidarity Flag (Type #1)		Slovak Solidarity Flag (Type #2)

The flag used by the Slovak Solidarity had a black or blue field with a centered white circle containing a white double cross. This was later changed into a blue flag charged with the complete emblem of the party. The emblem has a blue disk with white double crosses surrounded with a blue ring with white edges, which is charged with the party name and two sets of three linden leaves, the three charges separated by three rings, all in white.

The party was originally founded in 2000 as the Party of Friends of Wine (Strana priatelov vína), a liberal ecologist party. In 2009, the members of ultra-rightist political association Slovak Solidarity have joined this tiny party, inactive since 2006 due to serious financial problems, effectively taking it over and renaming into the People's Party of Social Solidarity (Ludová strana sociálnej solidarity). Next year, the party was renamed again into the People's Party Our Slovakia (Ludová strana Naše Slovensko) and name of the party leader (previously also the leader of Slovak Solidarity) was added in 2015.

Party flag and emblem are derived from those of the Slovak Solidarity, but their field color was changed into green. In the emblem, the ring surrounding the double cross is now charged with the party name only.

The Swedish National Socialist Party was founded in 1930 by combining several smaller Nazi groups into the New Swedish National Socialist League (Nysvenska Nationalsocialistiska Förbundet) which was renamed the Swedish National Socialist Party the next year. At that time, its leader Birger Furugard saw himself as the future riksledare (fuehrer or leader) of Sweden, but the party suffered from a serious split in 1933, when large number of members broke away under the leadership of Sven Olov Lindholm, Furugard's deputy, and formed the National Socialist Workers Party, which quickly became the strongest Nazi movement in Sweden. In 1936, following a meagre performance in the national elections, the party was disbanded.

The Symbionese Liberation Army, or United Federated Forces of the Symbionese Liberation Army, was a small but extremely violent American left-wing revolutionary group active between 1973 and 1975. During this time the SLA committed several bank robberies, and killed school superintendent Marcus Foster and badly wounded his deputy, Robert Blackburn, as the two men left an Oakland school board meeting. Perhaps the best known was the kidnapping of the 19-year-old publishing heiress Patty Hearst, who was abducted from the University of California in Berkeley, California, then either brainwashed or forced to become involved in several SRI activities, including Bank Robbery.

The Syrian Social Nationalist Party (SSNP) is a far-right political party in Syria and Lebanon. The party policies have been heavily influenced by Italian and German fascist ideology, which was reinforced by its imitation of the external symbols of the Nazi Party. It advocates the establishment of a Greater Syrian nation-state spanning the ancient Fertile Crescent, including present Syria, Lebanon, Iraq, Jordan, Israel, the Palestinian territories, Cyprus, Kuwait, Turkey and the Sinai Peninsula of Egypt.

The Hezb-e Nasional Sosialist-e Kargaran-e Iran (NASKA) was an Iranian neo-Nazi party, also refered to as the Iran National-Socialist Workers group, was opposed to Mosadegh's democratic government (1950-1953) and expressed a strong neo-Nazi ideology. It was a very small organization and disappeared very quickly during the early 1950s.

The Tatenokai (Shield Society) was a short-lived militia claiming their goal was to defend traditional Japanese values and restore imperial power to the Emperor. It was founded in 1968 by Yukio Mishima, who was a writer for an obscure right-wing college newspaper called the Ronso Journal. With a total membership of less than 100, the Tatenokai still managed to briefly train with the Japanese Self-Defense Forces.

Thunder Cross was founded in 1933 after the banning of its predecessor, the Fire Cross (Ugunskrusts), which had been founded in the previous year. Both organizations were led by Gustavs Celminš and named after their symbol, the swastika. Their goal was an authoritarian state with a corporatist economy, with eventual elimination of ethnic minorities by assimilation and replacement of Christianity with Dievturiba, a Latvian neo-pagan movement founded in 1925. Thunder Cross was banned along with all other parties after the President Karlis Ulmanis' coup d'etat in 1934 and many members were imprisoned. After the Soviet occupation of Latvia in 1939, the persecution was expanded, many members being deported to Siberia. Thunder Cross was briefly legalized after German occupation in 1941, then banned again. Some members truly supported the Nazis, even assisting in the Holocaust, while the others, including Celminš himself, just pretended to support, while trying to create an underground resistance movement, which led to their eventual arrest in 1944. Imprisoned in Germany, Celminš was liberated by the U.S. soldiers in 1945, moved to the USA in 1949 and stayed there for the rest of his life.

The Tohokai (Far East Society) was founded in 1936 by Seigo Nakano who advocated a fascist Japan. Their flag design was based on the Japanese letter meaning "east" and on the swastika. The ultranationalist Tohokai party supported the Imperial Japanese Navy and pressured the government to halt what they considered the Imperial Army's overly-ambitious aim of conquering all of Asia. This brought them in conflict with the pro-Imperialist faction led by General Hideki Tojo, who supported the interests of the Japanese Army and the continued conquest of the rest of Asia.

The Third Force (Tercera Fuerza), calling themselves a "cultural association," spread the usual distorted neo-Nazi version of the National Socialist world viewpoint. This small group, centered in the City of Pereira, operates a website openly under the protection of Article 20 of the Constitution of the Republic of Colombia, which guarantees full freedom of expression. They trace their origins back to 1956 and the original Third Force movement, whose main goal was to preserve their "pure" Hispanic Heritage.

TF Flag #4		TF Flag #5
TF Flag #6		TF Flag #7

Claiming that their flags and banners represent the "expression, tradition, and respect for the ideals and legacy of their heritage," they seem to spend a great deal of their time designing flags, seven examples of which are shown here.

The party was founded in 2008 when the Fatherland Union (Tevzemes savieniba), a small nationalist party founded in 2000, was reinforced by many former members of recently disbanded National Force Union. Having achieved no significant results, it was replaced after several renamings with the National Union "Justice" in 2014.

While the party emblem was the same as used by the National Force Union, the flag differed in having the plain red field, same shade as in the national flag.

This National Socialist group was active in Peru in the early 2000s and one of the founding organizations of the Peruvian National Socialist Union in 2008. The Tercios, translated as "Spanish Third", or "Spanish Square", was a famous Spanish infantry formation introduced in the 15th Century, and New Castile was the original name of Peru after the Spanish conquest in 16th Century.

The Traditionalist Worker Party (TWP) is a white nationalist group that advocates for racially pure nations and communities and blames Jews for many of the world's problems. Even as it claims to oppose racism, saying every race deserves its own lands and culture, the group is intimately allied with neo-Nazi and other hard line racist organizations that espouse unvarnished white supremacist views.

The Traditionalist Youth Network (TYN or Trad Youth) was established in 2013 by white supremacist Matthew Heimbach and Matt Parrott. The TYN eventually evolved into the Traditionalist Worker Party (TWP) in 2015, but the Trad Youth has remained active on campuses under its old name, essentially becoming a youth wing of the TWP.

The short-lived Peruvian National Socialist Union was founded in 2008 on Hitler's 119th birthday. Their two founding groups were the National Socialist Movement "Peru Awake" (Movimiento Nacional Socialista Despierta Peru) and National Socialist Tercios of New Castile (Tercios Nacional Socialistas de Nueva Castilla).

Vanguard America (VA) is a white supremacist group that believes that America should be an exclusively white nation. Using a right-wing nationalist slogan "Blood and Soil", VA romanticizes the notion that people with "white blood" have a special bond with "American soil." Vanguard America has been reorganized and renamed several times. Earlier names included the Atomwaffen Division (AWD), the American Reaction, the American Vanguard, Vanguard America, and finally the National Bloc. One splinter group became the Patriotic Front.

The Swedish White Aryan Resistance Movement (VAM) was a short-lived Swedish, militant Neo-Nazi organization active between 1991 and 1993. The group was styled on the defunct US White supremacist group "The Order," led by Robert Matthews. VAM was founded by Klas Lund, Torulf Magnusson and Peter Melander, editor of the group's magazine "Storm." The organization's symbol was the "Wolfsangel."

The Vlaamsch Nationaal Verbond (VNV) was a Flemish Nationalist Socialist political party in Belgium, founded by Staf de Clerq in 1933. De Clerq became known as "den Leider" (The Leader). The VNV was tied to the idea of uniting the many Flemish parties in Belgium into a single movement, and the creation of a pan-Dutch state, called Dietsland, to include both Flanders and the Netherlands. Its slogan was "Authority, discipline and Dietsland."

The Vinland flag is a contemporary flag first used by the musical group "Type O Negative" to encompass a variety of leader Peter Steele's interests and political beliefs, including his own Icelandic heritage. The flag is designed in the style of a Nordic Cross flag, with a green field and a black cross with white fimbriation, the green and black being a common color scheme for Type O Negative.

Vigrid is a Norwegian neo-Nazi organization which combines racial teachings with the imagery of Norse mythology. Vigrid was founded in 1998, and in 2009 they ran for the parliamentary elections, but received less than 200 votes.

The White Aryan Resistance (Vitt Ariskt Motstånd - VAM), was a militant neo-Nazi group active in Sweden in the years 1991-1993. The name of the group was taken from the US White supremacist organization WAR. VAM was founded by Klas Lund, who later went on to organize the Swedish Resistance Movement (Svenska Motståndsrörelsen) and the National Socialist Front (Nationalsocialistisk Front, NSF) which was formed in 1994.

The White Vision is a Mexican neo-Nazi group which claims to be the only true follower of National Socialism in the country and declares its goal to be the "protection of white race", which would eventually be achieved by creation of a separate country for Mexican people of European origin. These, according to them, should not be considered Mexicans any longer, but a separate nation, called simply the Creoles (El Criollos).

Vlajka, which means in Czech "The Flag," was the name of a Czechoslovakian fascist and nationalist movement which became politically active in the 1930s. Their leader was Jan Rys-Rozsévac, a journalist and politician. The group publication, also called "Vlajka," was founded in 1928, its first editor was Miloš Maixner.

The American neo-Nazi organization Volksfront, headquartered in Oregon, wants a white homeland in the Pacific Northwest. The group was founded in 1994 in the Oregon State Penitentiary by Randall Krager. Although, since its formation, the group claims to have chapters in Oregon, Massachusetts, Arizona, California, New York, Pennsylvania, North Carolina, South Carolina, Washington State, Illinois, and Missouri, they only had approximately 100 members in 2007.

The White Panther Party was a far-left, anti-racist, white American political group founded in 1968. It was organized by Pun Plamondon and John Sinclair in Detroit, Michigan. The WPP was started as a way that "white people" could help support the policies of Huey Newton's Black Panthers. The group included a popular Detroit punk rock band named the MC5, which John Sinclair managed for several years. As its actions grew more radical over time, it eventually led to a bombing of a CIA recruitment office in Ann Arbor. This eventually resulted in the arrest and conviction of several of its leaders, including John Sinclair and Plamondon. In 1972 decisions by both Federal Supreme Court and Michigan Supreme against illegal wire taping and Michigan's current marijuana laws resulted in both Plamondon and Sinclair's convictions being reversed. The White Panther Party in Michigan, which had in the meantime renamed itself the "Rainbow People's Party", was disbanded in 1973.

The Viking Youth was modeled after the Hitler Youth and named after the Viking League (Bund Wiking), a far-right movement from the 1920s, as well as the SS Division "Wiking." It was founded in 1952, after the Socialist Reich Party and its youth wing, the Reich Youth, were banned. Originally led by Walter Matthaei, former leader of the Reich Youth who emigration to Spain, it was taken over by Raoul Nahrath, who was succeeded first by his son Wolfgang and then by his grandson Wolfram, thus founding an informal dynasty of Nazi leaders. It was registered in 1974 in Stolberg, North Rhine-Westphalia, and in Berlin since 1991. The attempt to register its branch in Austria was rejected in 1980, the decision confirmed by the Constitutional Court the next year. In 1994, the main body was banned by the Federal Ministry of the Interior, which was confirmed by the Federal Administrative Court in 1999. It was the largest neo-Nazi youth movement at the time, with 400 to 500 members.

The Viking Youth used a black flag with large red odal rune, fimbriated white. This symbol was banned along with the party.

This flag is, of course, a variation of the Imperial German War Ensign, undoubtedly inspired by German World War I and World War II flags, and used by the Russian neo-Nazi organization White Legion 88.

The White Nationalist movement is a loosely connected group of small racial, skinhead and extremist organizations sprinkled across the United States, all claiming to be affiliated nationally and internationally with a wide spectrum of similar hate groups. They include such groups as the American Third Position, or A3P, the American Freedom Party, Freedom 14, Combat 18, and the National Youth Front. Professing admiration for David Eden Lane, the American white nationalist founder of The Order, and a convicted felon who died while serving a 190-year prison, they pepper their demonstrations with a wide variety of flags and slogans such as Lane´s "We must secure the existence of our people and a future for white children."

One of the fastest-growing hate groups in the 1990s was the World Church of the Creator (WCOTC), based in East Peoria, Illinois, whose stated goal is "making this an all-white nation and ultimately an all-white world." The current group sometimes calls itself "The Creativity Movement" and is an often violent white separatist organization that advocates a whites-only religion, Creativity. They consider Jews and nonwhites, whom they refer to as "mud races," to be the "natural enemies" of the white race. The movement's use of the term creator, however, does not refer to a deity, but rather to themselves, and despite the formal use of the word Church in its name, the movement is atheistic.

Current Creativity Movement Logo
(with gold hollowed halo)

Throughout the years there have been a series of slightly different variants of the WC flags and emblems reported and seen. The halos have been either gold or silver, hollow or not hollow, present or not present, and the flags themselves have been both swallow-tailed or mock swallow-tailed (with a white filled triangular shape on the fly instead of an actual swallow-tailed cut away). Currently the mock-swallowed tailed version seems most prevalent.